Conservation of insitu biodiversity of th'ulares (Parastrephia lepidophylla, Baccharis incarum and Lamphaya castellani) as a sustainable agricultural practice for food security in the Bolivian Altiplano

Tapia Alejo Clotilde Reyna

Abstract

Food production is a priority need, the problem arises with the expansion of agricultural frontiers for quinoa crops, leaving in its wake soils devoid of vegetation, susceptible to wind erosion and insecurity of animal production. Therefore, there is a need to contribute to the construction of awareness of human actions that cause imbalances between food production and generate economic resources, to the detriment of native grasslands consisting of th'ulars. The work was carried out in the UAD-Orinoca municipality of Santiago de Andamarca, Department of Oruro, with the objective of evaluating the contribution of the conservation of Parastrephia lepidophylla, Baccharis incarum and Lamphaya castellani as the basis of a sustainable agricultural practice for food security in the altiplano. The methodology used made it possible to quantify native plant species and identify the expansion of the agricultural frontier, through the elaboration of satellite maps in different management and subsequently compared, with respect to the vegetative propagation of species under study, phytohormone rapid root (IBA) 6 g was used in order to root cuttings of th'ulars, fulfilling the objective. As a result, it is concluded that the natural vegetation cover, decreased by 5 602 ha, corresponding to 4.9 % of the total area and quinoa cultivation increased by 5 670 ha corresponding to 4.9 % between 2014 to 2016. Therefore, the insitu conservation of th'ulares, is a necessity for its multiple benefits such as: soil fertilization, protection from wind erosion, feeding of potential livestock in the area, medicinal use for animals, vegetables and human, in addition to the use in natural dyeing, therefore, it is urgent a planning for its repopulation.