Evaluation of the change in the expansion of the quinoa crop in one year Child and Girl through the use of Landsat images

Alan Roly Callisaya Vargas; Edwin E. Yucra Sea

Abstract

The plateau presents a precipitation gradient from north to south. The present work evaluates the surfaces of quinoa, grasslands and water bodies with the free access Landsat satellite images, through the ERDAS program. To determine if the surfaces are actually obtained, their comparison was made with those of PDM's, resulting almost similar to reported surfaces. The events of the phenomenon Niña or Niño do not imply that the rainfall behavior predicts rainy or dry year respectively, nor does it imply that they occur with the same intensity, throughout the highland, since there are factors that would affect local exposure such as physiography, Environmental conditions, etc. On the other hand, it depends also on the origin of the phenomenon, this happens because the location of enormous mass of hot water, causes that the location of the flow of the Jet, or the track of storm changes. As a consequence some regions are hotter, colder, wetter, drier, or normal. What happened in the selected years of study in which one year Niña (88/89) was very dry (87.5 mm Uyuni and 230.8 mm Patacamaya) from normal (180.6 mm Uyuni and 406.1 mm Patacamaya). Or the year Niño (97/98), in which Patacamaya (480.7 mm) had higher than normal rainfall (406.1 mm) and Uyuni (27.5 mm) lower than normal rainfall (27.5 mm ), This because not all the Boys or Girl manifest with the same force or location. During the study period, three marked seasons are seen. First, the 1980s, where quinoa production suffers from adverse effects such as continuous droughts, during these years of production, the lack of technical support and response to this type of disasters compels producers to reduce or maintain the surfaces of quinoa. Secondly, in the 1990s, climatic conditions were more favorable with respect to rainfall; on the other hand, the entrance of technical support and machinery to improve production, increased quinoa surfaces. Finally, the beginning of 2000 according to the PDM's, agricultural areas are increasing this with the support of technology, but also the price of quinoa is added which really motivated to increase their surfaces. It should be noted that the dynamics of land use change is related to the precipitation that allows for gains and losses of coverage. The identified patterns of change are the passage of a dense as well as moderate grassland and soils with quinoa crops.