Livelihoods of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) families in two communities of the Northern Highland and Bolivian Center

Gladys J. Chipana Mendoza; Geovana Mercado Ramos; Mario Wilfredo Peñafiel Rodríguez

Abstract

The analysis of sustainable livelihoods (MVS) allows for better understanding of populations to eliminate poverty, and because quinoa and tarwi crops are part of the MVS of many farmers in the Bolivian highlands, It is important to carry out research on this subject. To achieve this goal, interviews, surveys and participatory workshops were carried out in the communities of Villa Patarani and Markahilata belonging to the central and northern Bolivian highlands. The article identifies the types of producers by principal component analysis. The selection of the assets was made based on criteria of the Department for International Development (DFID). Statistical comparisons were made between farmer and asset types using a variance analysis (ANOVA) for quantitative variables and Pearson Chi-Square tests for categorical variables. To find the capital ratios, 10% of the lowest values ​​were assigned an index of 0.1 to the next 10%, another index of 0.2 to reach 1. Among the main results, it was found that there are three types Of producers for the community of Villa Patarani, and two types of producers for the community of Markahilata, in both communities the access to the five capitals differ according to the types of producers, concluding that through the study of the MVS, it is distinguished further The study of economic incomes and the availability of food, since livelihoods comprise the capacities, assets and activities necessary to obtain daily sustenance.