In vitro growth of fungus ostra (Pleurotus ostreatus) in different growing media

Félix Miguel Angulo Zubieta, Beatriz Mamani Sánchez, Máximo Nova Pinedo

Abstract

Edible mushrooms have a high nutritional and medicinal value and advantages in the use of agricultural residues in their fruitful stage for the formation of carpophages, however, mycelium or seeds are required to start production. It is in this sense, the present work aims to evaluate the in vitro mycelium growth of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus in four culture media (PDA, SDA, ELA, BHIA), for the production of commercial mushroom seed (spawn) in the biotechnology laboratory of the UAC-CP. The Pleurotus ostreatus strain was seeded in Petri dishes in PDA, SDA, ELA and BHIA media. The first two means, the resulting daughters, were sown in sorghum seeds to obtain seed (spawn). The variables evaluated are radial growth, percentage of colonization with mycelium, weight of mycelium colonized in sorghum grains and seed production index. The mycelium developed in the PDA culture medium was determined to exhibit typically uniform morpho growth and desired characteristics. Followed by SDA medium, which is prone to dehydration. The ELA medium has poor and unhealthy growth of the fungal mycelium. The BHIA medium completely inhibits the growth of the fungal mycelium. Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia showed favorable radial growth (0.33 mm day^-1) in the PDA medium, followed by SDA (0.14 mm day^-1). Both media have a similar colonization percentage of 73 and 60 %. In the PDA medium they presented a uniform and whitish development, while in the SDA, BHIA and ELA medium the development is uneven and slightly spongy. In the same way, they presented a greater weight gain of 9.5 g and seed production index of 3.16 in the PDA medium. The cost benefit ratio is 1.52 USD.