Deficit irrigation controlled by sensors in three potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum) at the Choquenaira Experimental Station

Fabiola Figueredo Fernandez; René Chipana Rivera; Gladys J. Chipana Mendoza

Abstract

The potato is relatively sensitive to water deficit, it should not exceed 30 to 35% of the total water available, especially during the formation and growth of the tubers. Irrigation programming establishes that the dates and dates are the best in the cycle of growth of the virus, is why the reasons that the objective of the research is the effect of poor irrigation controlled by sensors in three varieties of potato. The work was carried out in the Choquenaira Experimental Station, the factors evaluated were the varieties of potato (Luk'i, Phiñu and Waycha) and the deficit irrigation (100, 75 and 50% of replacement of the sheet of water) resulting in 9 treatments , which were distributed in a random block design with divided plots, with three repetitions and 29 experimental units, the         answer variable were the plant height, the number of tubes per plant and yield, as well as the water potential of the blade with the Scholander chamber, soil moisture with the portable FDR Diviner, water productivity evaluation and water use efficiency. The results showed that the highest plant height was for the Waycha variety with 39.78 cm, greater number of tubers per plant for the Luk'i variety and higher yield for the variety Waycha with 53,333 t ha^-1. Treatment 3 showed a better use of water with the production of 11.71 kg m^-3, treatment 5 produced 7.34 kg m^-3 and treatment 8 that produced 13.82 kg m^-3. Treatment 3, 5 and 8 presentation better efficiency index of water use. These results show the amount of water that is necessary for the production of potatoes, which through water retention levels can reach the efficiency in the use of water, which is an increasingly limited and scarce resource.