Behavior of two ecotypes of tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis sweet.) under controlled deficit irrigation and extreme low temperatures at the Choquenaira Experimental Station

María Elena Huanca Ticona; René Chipana Rivera; Fabiola Figueredo Fernandez; Gladys J. Chipana Mendoza

Abstract

In La Paz, the cultivation of tarwi has become important in recent years, due to its contribution to the development of agri-food policies and food security. Likewise, there is not much research work on controlled deficit irrigation in the Bolivian highland. It is due to this lack of information that the objective of this research is to evaluate the agronomic behavior of two ecotypes of tarwi under controlled deficit irrigation and extreme low temperatures. The work was developed in the Experimental Station Choquenaira, the methodology consisted in the evaluation of the ecotypes from Copacabana and Carabuco under three sheets of irrigation to 50, 75 and 100%, that were arranged under a design of complete blocks at random with an arrangement of divided plots, the variables evaluated were the percentage of emergence, height of plant, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod and stem diameter, as well as the incidence and severity of the effect of the frost on the crop. Among the main results we have that the variables branch number, pod number, number of grain per pod had significant differences under the effect of irrigation sheets applied at 50, 75 and 100%. The Duncan test in all cases can be observed the formation of two groups, where the group A, is made up of 50% irrigation sheet, the other sheets form the group B. The amount of water applied was 1438.60, 1078.90 and 718.90 m³ ha^-1 for 100, 75 and 50% of irrigation sheet. The tarwi is influenced by the scarcity of water, water stress produces greater retention of water in their tissues, in conditions of extreme dryness of the environment in the highland produce stress to crops even when they have enough moisture.