Evaluation of the nutritional quality of the different wheat ecotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) in inter-andean valleys of the department of La Paz

Abstract

In the inter-Andean valleys of the municipality of Charazani, different wheat ecotypes are grown, where producers generally use the product for family consumption due to low market prices; five local ecotypes were identified with very good nutritional qualities and higher yields than the national ones that are at risk of disappearing, due to the low strengthening in the production of the crop. Therefore, the research work aims to evaluate the nutritional quality of six wheat ecotypes in the Charazani municipality. The ecotypes evaluated come from the Niño Corín, Caata, Jatichulaya, Chipuipo and Quiabaya communities in the municipality of Charazani. The plant material consisted of six wheat ecotypes, locally called Chujchayuj, Azul Muru, Yuraj Muru, Ichilo, Arrocillo and Motacú; the parameters evaluated were moisture, ash, protein, wet and dry gluten, acidity, fat, fiber, zinc and iron, according to Bolivian, Venezuelan and Ecuadorian standards. The percentage of humidity varies from 11.54 to 12.57 %, in ash from 1.37 to 2.73 %, in protein from 7.66 to 9.52 %, in wet gluten from 7.99 to 18.14 %, in dry gluten from 3. 37 to 7.89 %, in acidity from 0.09 to 0.12 %, in fat from 0.17 to 0.31 %, in fiber from 1.86 to 5.19, in zinc from 3.67 to 4.76 mg L^-1 and in iron from 0.87 to 1.53 mg L^-1. The Motacú, Ichilo, Chujchayuj and Arrocillo ecotypes presented higher amounts of the evaluated variables, and these ranges are within the Bolivian IBNORCA standard. The municipality of Charazani has a high potential for wheat production, which is part of its diet and a source of economic income.